Education is one of the most important things in someone's life. It is an education that determines and leads the future and direction of one's life. Although not everyone thinks like that, But education is still a number of human needs. A person's talent and expertise will be formed and honed through education. Education is also generally used as a benchmark for everyone's quality.
1. Understanding of education
In English education means education. Whereas in Latin means educatum derived from the words e and duco, E means development from the outside from inside or development from a little to many, while duco means to develop.
From here, education can also be referred to as an effort to develop their abilities. Wikipedia menurut, Education is the learning of knowledge, skills, as well as the habits of a group of people who are passed down from one generation to the next through teaching, research and training. Whereas, According to the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI), Education is the process of changing the attitudes and behavior of a person or group in an effort to mature humans through a teaching and training.
From here, education can also be referred to as an effort to develop their abilities. Wikipedia menurut, Education is the learning of knowledge, skills, as well as the habits of a group of people who are passed down from one generation to the next through teaching, research and training. Whereas, According to the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI), Education is the process of changing the attitudes and behavior of a person or group in an effort to mature humans through a teaching and training.
Following is the understanding of education according to educational experts:
Ki Hajar Dewantara, He stated that the notion of education is the guidance of the growth and development of children. It means, Education is an effort to guide the power of nature in each child so that they are able to grow and develop as humans and as members of society who can achieve salvation and happiness in their lives.
- Ahmad d. Wild, Education is guidance carried out consciously by educators to students with the aim of forming the main personality physically and spiritually.
- Martinus Jan Langeveld, Education is an effort to help students so that they are able to do life tasks independently and responsibly orally and morally. In this case, Education is also interpreted as an effort to build children to be more mature.
- Carter V. Good, education is an effort to develop individual skills, both in an attitude and behavior in society. In other words, Education is a social process in which an environmental environment such as school and home, able to influence someone to develop the skills of attitudes and behavior in oneself and in the community.
- H. H. Horne, Education is a tool in which social communities are able to continue existence in influencing themselves and maintaining idealism.
- Stella van Petten Henderson, Education is a combination of growth and self -development as well as social heritage.
- Gunning then Kohnstamm, Education is a process of formation and development of conscience, where a person is able to shape and determine himself ethically based on conscience.
Education can also be lived through 2 things namely formal and non -formal education.
- Formal education is education that can be obtained by participating in structured and planned education programs or programs by government agencies for example through schools or universities
- Non-formal education is education that can be obtained through daily life activities that are not bound by government-formed institutions, for example learning through experience, Learn on your own through reading books and learning through the experiences of others.
2. Educational goals
Inside uu. No. 20 Year 2003 Concerning the National Education System Article 3 It is stated about the purpose of education, namely developing the potential of students to become human beings who believe and fear God Almighty, shower, Healthy, knowledgeable, say, creative, independent and being a democratic citizen is also responsible.
3. Educational function
In the opinion of Horton and Hunt, Education Board relates to real functionality (manifest) namely as follows:
· Preparing community members to make a living.
· Develop individual talents for personal satisfaction and for the benefit of the community.
· Preserving culture.
· Instill the skills that are necessary for participation in democracy.
Another function of educational institutions is as follows.
- Reduce parental control over their children. Through education, The parent school delegates their duties and authority in educating children to the school.
- Provide a means for defiance. Schools have the potential to instill the value of defiance in the community. This is reflected by the difference in views between schools and the community about something, such as sex education and open attitude.
- Maintain a social class system. School education is expected to be able to socialize to their students to accept differences in prestige, privilise, as well as the status of the community. The school is also expected to be a channel of student mobility to a higher social status or at least in accordance with the status of his parents.
- Extend adolescence. School education can also slow down one's adulthood because students still depend economically to their parents.
According to David Popenoe, There are four types of educational functions, namely as follows:
· Transmission (evacuation) culture.
· Choose and teach social roles.
· Ensure social integration.
· School teaches personality patterns.
· Source of social innovation.
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